Desempenho de argamassas de revestimento com incorporação da fração miúda da britagem de concreto

Abstract

The construction industry is one of the sectors that consume non-renewable natural resources, besides being one of the main generators of municipal solid waste. Among the various natural resources extracted from nature, the aggregates used in construction are the most consumed mineral inputs in the world. With the increasing restriction of sand extraction from rivers and the scarcity of natural sands it is essential that the construction industry adopt an environmental and sustainable development, through technological processes to recycle waste. One of the alternatives to the construction industry, from an economical and environmental point of view, the supply of sand for construction is the replacement of sand extracted from rivers (natural sand) for concrete waste, for the production of mortars. This study aims at evaluate the behavior of rendering mortar with incorporation of recycled aggregate concrete, replacing the natural sand. The morphological characteristics and composition of two aggregates made from concrete were analysed: one from concrete subjected to thermal curing and other to conventional curing, compared with a river sand. Characterization tests were performed on fresh mortar (consistency index, cone penetration, squeeze flow, water retention, density and air content) and hardened mortar (density, compressive strength, flexural strength, capillarity water absorption and capillarity coefficient, water absorption, density, dynamic modulus of elasticity and mercury intrusion porosimetry). For this experiment were followed the requirements of NBR 13281 (ABNT, 2005) and used Brazilian CP II Z-32 cement and CH-I lime. A proportion of 1:1:6 (cement, lime and sand) by volume, with index consistency set at (260 ± 5) mm was adopted for the three mixtures of mortars. There were significant differences in the behavior of the two mortars made with recycled aggregates, such as: loss of workability; loss of density; increased air content (especially mixing with ARCC), in fresh stage. Reduction of compressive strength and reduced flexural strength (except in the mixture with ARCT), reduction of water absorption by capillarity, increased water absorption by immersion, an increase in the index of emptiness, increased density and reduced dynamic modulus of elasticity, in the hardened mortar.