Validação de construto do instrumento de avaliação da promoção de saúde em escolas brasileiras

Abstract

The health promotion at school encourages children and adolescents to assume behaviors and skills for life, through decision-making and critical thinking. However, health promotion initiatives at school environment needs monitoring and evaluation. To validate a health promotion evaluation instrument at school environment, which can contemplate these actions broadly, from the perception of managers and that could be applied in the different country’s realities. Validation study, convenience sample of 247 public and private schools of four Brazilian municipalities, being two of them in the southern region and two in the northeastern region of the country, in the year 2016. The evaluated instrument consists of 60 questions, divided into three dimensions: pedagogical, structural and relational, with dichotomous categorical answers (yes or no). Arrays of tetrachoric correlations were used for the analysis, with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the instrument being conducted. At the end of the tetrachoric analysis for construct validation, 31 items remained in the instrument. In the EFA the commonality (h2) presented values above the recommended minimum (0.3) in all items. In the CFA the models presented values near and above the expected for a good adjustment. The results suggest that the instrument proved to be valid and that the dimensions and factors found at the end of the analyses were satisfactory for the evaluation of health promotion at schools.