A semiose da notícia em ambiente de crise movimentos em rede e mediação na semiosfera contemporânea

Abstract

This doctoral thesis studied the tensions inflicted upon journalistic practices by new manners of social intervention which are led by the so-called Occupy movement, with social networking websites as spaces of metabolization. Based on C. S. Peirce's Theory of Signs, it is argued that in language is the main function of journalism: to exercise a qualified mediation in the public space between the chaotic reality of events and the society, a result of its formation as a social, academic and professional field. So, the production of news stories is understood as a complex tangle of mediation that results in the semiosis of news, represented graphically by the scheme object/event – interpreting mind/journalism – sign/news. What follows from this perspective is the idea that journalism, in the condition of a system that produces meanings, is going through a systemic crisis caused by the interaction with other agents that compose the non-physical space Lotman calls semiosphere. That which journalism does not represent in its sign/news because of a semiosis that traditionally limits the hermeneutic power of events, as said by Quéré, now is signified by other systems and broadly shared in social networks, which threatens the part of mediator journalism has played throughput history. This reflection is based on inferences made during ethnographic movements carried out in the newsrooms of three reference newspapers: Folha de S. Paulo (Brazil); The New York Times (USA); El País (Spain). Also, together with this experience, the monitoring of phenomena such as the Occupy Wall Street movement, in the US, and the June Journeys, in Brazil, was a an attempt to understand their manners of articulation, mobilization and intervention. In the interface between journalism and the Occupy movements it is glimpsed, because of their dispute of meanings in the social networks, the proposition of the concept of network interpreter. At last, the need for journalism to reflect upon this crisis is argued, since it occupies the logical and transitory part of interpreter in the semiosis of news. This reflection would result in more complex manners of representing social conflicts as semiotic objects. The social movements, thus, should comprehend the constitution of the network interpreter so as to create strategies for promoting the debate about their demands.