Uma análise crítica da relação das empresas Industriais do rs com os sistemas Nacional e regional de inovação

Abstract

The historical formation of the economy of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state is based mainly on primary sector with a predominance of small rural properties. Currently, the characteristics of the industrial sector of Rio Grande do Sul are distinct from most of the other states of the country, such as São Paulo for example. With the constant increase in the competitiveness and the predominance of micro, small and medium enterprises with national capital, it becomes necessary to understand the support structures required for the development of innovation into the companies of RS. The general objective of this work is understanding the dynamics of relationship between the companies and the Regional and National Innovation Systems in order to promote innovation. For obtaining the study goals, a descriptive and quantitative research was performed through a survey made in 83 companies from the manufacturing sector, all of them located in the five largest state regions in number of industrial establishments (Metropolitano Delta do Jacuí, Paranhana - Encosta da Serra, Serra, Vale do Rio dos Sinos and Vale do Taquari). Still, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was made to identify which actors of the Innovation Systems the companies had more interactions in the years of 2015 and 2016, respectively. The general results pointed out that these companies that participated in the survey, in relation to the National System of Innovation, had more interaction associated with the purpose of obtaining public financing through mainly the BNDES (Brazilian Development Bank), FINEP (Funding Authority for Studies and Projects) and Bank of Brasil actors. Regarding to the relationship between small, medium and large companies in Rio Grande do Sul state and the Regional Innovation System, they were mainly universities, particularly regional ones, with a large background of the regional needs and demands where they operate. Finally some suggestions are presented for improvements in the dynamism of Innovation Systems, especially in the expansion of suport policies for the development of innovation in the business environment, as well as funding sources and innovation agencies.