A influência de Rousseau na concepção de sociedade bem ordenada Rawls

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to investigate the influence of Rousseau on the conception of a well-ordered society in Rawls. At first, I seek to understand the formation of the political ideal of the idea of a well-ordered society in Rawls, from the elaboration of his theory of justice as fairness, examining the categories social contract, original position, principles of justice, overlapping consensus, public reason, sense of justice and political society. In a second moment, I try to present the philosophical foundations of Rousseau's thought, analyzing his conception of the state of nature and the differences of this category in relation to Hobbes and Locke, emphasizing in the process of socialization the emergence of self-love as the foundation of the conflict between individual and community, and the need for a new social pact that preserves the freedom and equality of individuals through the ideas of sovereignty, general will, law and justice. In the final part, I try to point out that the idea of a well-ordered society in Rawls is partially influenced by the categories of self-love and general will present in Rousseau's thought. This influence is reflected not only in the psychological foundations of the theory of justice but also in the refusal of utilitarian principles.