Função paterna e comportamentos das crianças na escola de educação infantil

Abstract

This work aims to understand the relationships of parental functions, especially the father's role and its relationship to the recurring behavior of children in kindergarten, from a psychoanalytical point a view. The importance of parental functions for kid psychic constitution, including changes in the family institution were studied. The role of the father in the children’s behavior was investigated, seeking an understanding of the difficulties caused by fails in this function. Four 4-year-old children, who attended a particular kindergarten school from the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, participated in the research. Those children were indicated by the school since they presented a recurrent behavior identified by their teacher and parents. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with parents and an interview from a Psychoanalytic Assessment to Three-year-old Children, with the presence of parents and children. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews with children’s teachers were performed to complement the study. The research showed that agitation behaviors, prolonged tantrums, difficulties to tolerate the frustrations and limitations in early preschool are associated with difficulties of the exercise of the paternal role in the family. Other risk symptoms for child development were also observed. Moreover, the findings showed how the teacher plays an important role in the exercise of parental functions, considering the school as an important context for prevention and intervention for child development.